Images courtesy of Air Technology Consulting LLC\u003c/em>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["eizLPwae4jn"],"cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"eABgKPgrhPq","type":"section","children":["ezyj283CU2h","eNr-5Ftv4vd","ekCjLMTGcn5"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e0Lxol5vyWV","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Using a variable-speed pump will not solve this issue since all the flow changes proportionally when the pump head is modified. Hence, attempting to avoid overflows will simply make underflow more significant. Hydronic balancing ensures that all terminals can receive the required flow and completely eliminate underflows.\u003c/p>\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >System Startup\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >In distribution systems with variable flow, startup after each setback is a serious consideration, since most control valves drive fully open during this process. This creates overflow, which produces excessive pressure drops in some piping networks, starving the terminals in less-favored parts of the system. The unfavored circuits will not receive adequate flow until the favored spaces reach their thermostat set point, allowing the control valves to be closed. Hence, startup becomes difficult and takes longer than expected. This is costly in terms of energy consumption. A non-uniform startup makes management by a central controller and any form of optimization practically impossible. \u003c/p>\u003cp >In a distribution system with constant flow, underflow and overflow both remain both during and after startup making the problem much more difficult.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"eQ2nO-7dnx-","type":"section","children":["e0Lxol5vyWV"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"evApwa4nY94","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"esMaMxZPD6T","content":{"src":{"key":"M1VN4SPezK","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/KaxzywoIf0Rx41JdO6oEbX8EsUI3/image/M1VN4SPezK.png","ratio":2.689922480620155}},"type":"image","actions":["evApwa4nY94"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"eSrOk1A9PSb","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eXZASY01vJT","type":"rectangle","actions":["eSrOk1A9PSb"],"cl":"rectangle"},{"key":"eoYsh3RhBKL","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003cstrong >FIGURE 2. An unbalanced plant has to startup earlier, increasing the energy consumption.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e3BrW6RZU2R","type":"section","children":["esMaMxZPD6T","eXZASY01vJT","eoYsh3RhBKL"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e3hyqJsxUoD","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >Pump Optimization-Strategic Balancing Method\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >Hydronic balancing provides the opportunity to verify the installation is correctly executed. It enables detection and subsequent correction of most issues, such as air, clogging, etc. Having a proper balancing strategy/procedure, such as the TA Wireless method based on the rule of proportionality, and balancing instruments, like TA Scope, is important for properly balancing a system. It also removes the need to go back and readjust the same valve multiple times to take care of the interactivity that exists in the system. \u003c/p>\u003cp >The strategic balancing method ensures the operation as per design and saves a significant amount of pumping energy. Unique balancing methods can detect the index circuit (the circuit that requires the highest differential pressure) and allocate a pressure drop of 1 foot for the balancing valve on this circuit (minimum pressure drop recommended for reliable flow measurement). \u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"eRt9FYizm0F","type":"section","children":["e3hyqJsxUoD"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ewM8dD6SqMc","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eTGeKJPBaRN","content":{"src":{"key":"2Vrvr9DFdL","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/KaxzywoIf0Rx41JdO6oEbX8EsUI3/image/2Vrvr9DFdL.png","ratio":1.3381555153707052}},"type":"image","actions":["ewM8dD6SqMc"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"eSEQdL5eUQY","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"ewTsWR0i_GC","type":"rectangle","actions":["eSEQdL5eUQY"],"cl":"rectangle"},{"key":"eMy6HDsi-Em","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003cstrong >FIGURE 3. A balancing module.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"elgDnMRlT72","type":"section","children":["eTGeKJPBaRN","ewTsWR0i_GC","eMy6HDsi-Em"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ertVikJwis1","content":{"text":"\u003cp >The balancing valves on all the individual circuits/terminals within a branch need to be proportionally balanced. Then, the balancing valves on each branch are proportionally balanced as well. Once the terminals and the branch valves are balanced, the next step would be to proportionally balance the partner valve on each module. Once the partner valves on the modules are set and locked, the final design flow rate is obtained by adjusting the main partner valve for the design flow rate. When this operation is completed, design flow is available at all terminals. \u003c/p>\u003cp >All overpressure is taken and measured in this main balancing valve. Then, the set point of the pump can be reduced with the same value, significantly decreasing the pump’s energy consumption up to 35%. Balancing using proper methods allows performing balancing in phases in new construction independently with each other even using manual balancing products. This also allows flexibility to work on retrofit and expansion projects independently without affecting any existing portion.\u003c/p>\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >Conclusion\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >Table 1 summarizes the major issues discussed above that exist in the unbalanced plant along with cause as well as false and correct solutions for resolving each issue.\u003c/p>\u003cp >Hence, we can see that hydronic balancing is necessary to ensure the design flow can be reached at every terminal unit to ensure optimal operation of the HVAC system with low energy consumption. Hydronic balancing prevents overflow in some circuits from causing underflow in others, detects the degree of pump sizing, and generally verifies the plant works as intended. \u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"eM8XBV70uf7","type":"section","children":["ertVikJwis1"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eTv6AOuZ17C","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"en5eaCqJams","content":{"src":{"key":"RWplhbozTC","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/KaxzywoIf0Rx41JdO6oEbX8EsUI3/image/RWplhbozTC.png","ratio":1.8422174840085288}},"type":"image","actions":["eTv6AOuZ17C"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"eZlDvM9nyvD","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"efO2WUmzNaM","type":"rectangle","actions":["eZlDvM9nyvD"],"cl":"rectangle"},{"key":"eUWi25qx41R","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003cstrong >TABLE 1. Major issues (and causes) in the unbalanced plant as well as false and correct solutions for resolving each issue.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"ezyJ08gQD_h","type":"section","children":["en5eaCqJams","efO2WUmzNaM","eUWi25qx41R"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ehgZG0ZYAYA","content":{"src":{"key":"-6ZD090wK0","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/KaxzywoIf0Rx41JdO6oEbX8EsUI3/image/-6ZD090wK0.jpg","ratio":1}},"type":"image","cl":"image"},{"key":"eyvkPgSYlZX","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >Soham Neupane is the hydronic training manager with IMI Hydronic Engineering Inc.\u003c/h4>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"ePKm9la3Itm","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1608217389567,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1,"delay":0.3,"once":true,"translateY":["6%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1608217389567,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1,"delay":0.3,"once":true,"translateY":["6%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1608217389567,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1,"delay":0.3,"once":true,"translateY":["6%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"e0_hogCGFDb","type":"section","actions":["ePKm9la3Itm"],"children":["ehgZG0ZYAYA","eyvkPgSYlZX"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e08QSmmMCEc","content":{"src":{"key":"q5lq5DBD__","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82,h=1920/private/KaxzywoIf0Rx41JdO6oEbX8EsUI3/image/q5lq5DBD__.jpg","ratio":0.75}},"type":"image","cl":"image"},{"key":"eO4s2WlFSoV","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >Muslim F. Nazarali is a test and balanae engineer at Air Technology Consulting LLC\u003c/h4>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"eDdsI9hASHH","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1657206618963,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":true,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1657206618963,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":true,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1657206618963,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":true,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eXhApOd-CsH","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003cem >[Eoneren]/[E+] via \u003c/em>\u003ca rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/orange-colored-arrow-standing-out-from-the-crowd-royalty-free-image/1404888013?phrase=flow%20rate%20balancing&adppopup=true\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem >Getty Images\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["eDdsI9hASHH"],"cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"ejNFTCHevww","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1608217389567,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1,"delay":0.3,"once":true,"translateY":["6%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1608217389567,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1,"delay":0.3,"once":true,"translateY":["6%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1608217389567,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1,"delay":0.3,"once":true,"translateY":["6%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"e3JDJPz1MwX","type":"section","actions":["ejNFTCHevww"],"children":["e08QSmmMCEc","eO4s2WlFSoV","eXhApOd-CsH"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eOTBk4Db1KC","content":{"link":{"mode":0,"page":"pKEO3CF_5i-"}},"type":"external-link","cl":"external-link"},{"key":"efMU8Jb27jd","content":{"text":"\u003cdiv>\u003cp >Table Of Contents\u003c/p>\u003c/div>"},"type":"text","actions":["eOTBk4Db1KC"],"cl":"text"},{"key":"edoLL6AfPbX","content":{"link":{"mode":0,"page":"pQ_tSND9zxs"}},"type":"external-link","cl":"external-link"},{"key":"eZ1BHbKuzR2","content":{"src":"4fH1Di577"},"type":"image","actions":["edoLL6AfPbX"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"eA1bENrh0H_","content":{"text":"\u003cp >May 2023\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"edyRple3CD9","type":"section","children":["efMU8Jb27jd","eZ1BHbKuzR2","eA1bENrh0H_"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"pXypFV_isWs","children":["ervxGvHO2ao","e3BpAtR1ELT","eTIRV3mTXY1","e-fT4Vb1bSD","e1hXTNm9qUc","eABgKPgrhPq","eQ2nO-7dnx-","e3BrW6RZU2R","eRt9FYizm0F","elgDnMRlT72","eM8XBV70uf7","ezyJ08gQD_h","e0_hogCGFDb","e3JDJPz1MwX","edyRple3CD9"]},{"key":"eAb3-GroHoj","content":{"menu":"WEb_epwzVM"},"type":"w7Ty9ifjBD","icons":{"left":[192,512,"M192 127.338v257.324c0 17.818-21.543 26.741-34.142 14.142L29.196 270.142c-7.81-7.81-7.81-20.474 0-28.284l128.662-128.662c12.599-12.6 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