Asking the proper questions at each product manufacturers’ booth as they relate to each step of the product selection process can provide an attendee with valuable information to consider when selecting the “right” products for his or her project design. \u003c/p>\u003cp >When does product selection begin? The answer can be found in ASHRAE’s definition of “design intent,” which states: “… an initial version of the operating manual developed in the conceptual design stage. It contains a description of the building functions for which the design is intended, lists the design parameters of systems to perform these functions, and provides a brief description of the operating routines that are to be followed to comply with the functional requirements of the building.”\u003c/p>\u003cp >There are many aspects, characteristics, features, and attributes that can be considered when evaluating products’ potential use on a project. Whether they are cognizant decisions or not, the criteria by which a product is selected, specified, evaluated, and provided is decided upon and documented in the contract documents. Ideally, all products that are installed in a building have been evaluated with respect to how they integrate into the whole building and how their functions affect the rest of the building.\u003c/p>\u003cp >HVAC engineers need to take into account many considerations:\u003c/p>\u003cul >\u003cli >Engineering principles and theory – design calculations;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Codes/standards/regulations;\u003c/li>\u003cli >System and equipment types and manufacturers/models;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Documentation of design intent through plans and specifications;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Budgets/estimating;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Construction details/installation;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Maintenance requirements;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Product disposal at end of life; and\u003c/li>\u003cli >Multiple discipline awareness, including structural, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, fire protection, lighting, security, telecommunications, architectural, interior design, etc.\u003c/li>\u003c/ul>\u003cp >\u003cbr />As one visits various booths, it’s good to keep the aforementioned pointers in mind and discuss them with the manufacturer’s personnel at each booth.\u003c/p>\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >Product Function Requirements\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >Getting what an attendee specifies depends on whether or not a product can meet the desired functional requirements and be obtained at a cost within the allowed budget. If the required function is clearly defined and there is a realistic budget, then getting what one specifies should be no problem. If, however, a product can’t meet both of these criteria, then one of the criteria must change until a product can be found to meet the criteria.\u003c/p>\u003cp >It’s important to understand what is meant by “required function.” The required function is not only the performance characteristics of the product once it is installed in the building, as it also takes into consideration the requirements of the project, including space efficiency, first cost, energy cost, etc., which are also taken into consideration in the product evaluation step. All of these attributes (parameters, criteria) must be clearly prioritized and communicated to the owner/client during the design phase of the project in order to ensure the design meets all of the project’s goals.\u003c/p>\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >Product Availability\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >Product availability can be looked at in a couple of ways. Ideally, there are one or more manufacturers who already have a product that can meet the functional requirements. Although likely more expensive, it may be necessary to have a custom product made that meets the functional requirements. Although the latter is not the norm in commercial- and institutional-type facilities, it may be necessary in some industrial applications. The engineer must consider availability during the product selection process to ensure the most cost-effective solution is provided. As one of the steps in the product selection process, it’s important to discuss with the manufacturers if their products are standard products or if there are options to enhance a product to meet the functional requirements desired.\u003c/p>\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >Product Evaluation During Design\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >There is a logical process in evaluating a product as indicated in Figure 2.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"eJjcu77XKEs","type":"section","children":["ex1J3eOVuHo"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eRIsKr6dmkB","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eJpg9MQag-b","content":{"src":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/dGfp5o6mCvamSl03ciyX2avEXmC2/image/jJxngb1sTC.png","key":"jJxngb1sTC","ratio":2.5694444444444446}},"type":"image","actions":["eRIsKr6dmkB"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"eWBVZ5ncHKz","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eXdu_ICXpoq","type":"rectangle","actions":["eWBVZ5ncHKz"],"cl":"rectangle"},{"key":"el_0ZZdpAZJ","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003cstrong >FIGURE 2: Evaluating HVAC product logic.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003cem >Image courtesy of SPPECSS Consulting LLC\u003c/em>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"eSpHJVczPJ1","type":"section","children":["eJpg9MQag-b","eXdu_ICXpoq","el_0ZZdpAZJ"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e6r6BxWVp0s","content":{"text":"\u003cp >Thus, the product selection starts at the beginning of a project design and is an integral part of the overall HVAC system selection process.\u003c/p>\u003cp >Identifying and evaluating systems and products must be done on a basis of satisfying the needs assessment of the functional requirements. Once a needs assessment has been conducted, then and only then should the product evaluation start. The evaluation process takes into account many factors such as, but not limited to:\u003c/p>\u003col >\u003cli >Product functional requirements;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Product manufacturer history, reputation, and representation;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Warranty and guarantee;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Installation, operation, and maintenance;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Costs (first, installation, maintenance, energy use, disposal, etc.); and\u003c/li>\u003cli >End of product life disposal environmental impact.\u003c/li>\u003c/ol>\u003cp >\u003cbr />One tool that has been used by some engineers to document HVAC systems and product selections is a feature/benefits analysis matrix. This can be used either as subjective evaluation of a product, an objective evaluation, or a combination of both. The tool allows for early discussion, conversation, and brainstorming with the facility owner client and facility managers to ensure everyone’s concerns are addressed from the beginning of a project. A product features/benefits analysis matrix can be setup for each product within the system similar to that shown in Figure 3. It can also be used as documentation, showing that a thorough engineering process was completed to make the final system product selection and documentation thereof in the contract document drawings and specifications used in the owner-contractor agreement. This tool also shows the value engineering analysis during design and can be used during the post-bid, cost-cutting evaluation, should one be needed.\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"eaAFSXYjM_X","type":"section","children":["e6r6BxWVp0s"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eIXn8NBtJgJ","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1637072881410,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.9,"delay":0.4,"once":true,"translateX":["10%","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutExpo"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eXXgRXVkqwI","content":{"src":{"key":"122QebgTei","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/dGfp5o6mCvamSl03ciyX2avEXmC2/image/122QebgTei.jpg","ratio":1.296}},"type":"image","actions":["eIXn8NBtJgJ"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"em8h4JWvr0a","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214680286,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"once":false,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eoIaSLQ9lOc","type":"rectangle","actions":["em8h4JWvr0a"],"cl":"rectangle"},{"key":"eIoxpTbwEON","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003cstrong >FIGURE 3: Product evaluation matrix – a control damper example.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003cem >Image courtesy of SPPECSS Consulting LLC\u003c/em>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e6e__hVF5B6","type":"section","children":["eXXgRXVkqwI","eoIaSLQ9lOc","eIoxpTbwEON"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"e3Z2B8KnohV","content":{"text":"\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >Product Specification\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >The knowledge gained at a product trade show, like the AHR Expo. can be used to select products and document the product selection in the contract documents. The contract document drawings include floor plans showing locations of products and also basis-of-design product schedules that communicate the design intent to the contractors bidding on the project. A product performance criteria and characteristic should only be noted in one place in the contract documents so as not to have a conflict of information.\u003c/p>\u003cp >The contract documents also include specifications. What is a specification? According to ASHRAE, a specification is a“statement of a set of requirements to be satisfied by a material, product, system, or service that indicates the procedures for determining whether each of the requirements is satisfied.”\u003c/p>\u003cp >Specifications are commonly formatted in these parts: Part 1, General; Part 2, Products; and Part 3, Execution (sometimes called installation).\u003c/p>\u003cp >Part 1 usually describes the administrative, procedural, and codes and standards relevant to the specific product section. Part 2 typically describes the product materials of construction and performance criteria. Part 3 describes the installation of the product, including any preparatory action required; references to the manufacturer’s installation instructions; and post-installation requirements, such as testing and commissioning.\u003c/p>\u003cp >There are multiple methods of specifying according to the CSI. It would be of value to every professional engineer, contractor, and facility owner manager to understand these methods. They are descriptive, performance, reference standard, and proprietary (open and closed). These methods of specifying can be used individually or in combination within a set of contract documents and even within one section of a product specification. \u003c/p>\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >Benefits of Attending Product Trade Shows\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >An attendee who has spent time preparing for an HVACR product trade show will find that the investment of this time and money spent will result in many of the following benefits:\u003c/p>\u003cul >\u003cli >\u003cdiv style=\"position:relative\">Become educated on the HVACR industry so that an attendee can better support clients and make better, more educated decisions;\u003c/div>\u003c/li>\u003cli >Get a competitive business advantage with knowledge of products and applications;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Gain knowledge about new and emerging technologies, industry trends, and products;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Get immediate answers about products, applications, and experiences;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Meet others in the industry through networking and generate potential business leads;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Participate in free educational seminars by manufacturers and industry associations;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Understand product capacities and limitations;\u003c/li>\u003cli >Learn limitations regarding current codes, standards, and regulation; and\u003c/li>\u003cli >Research for current and future project application.\u003c/li>\u003c/ul>\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >Trade Show Questions Checklist\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >Developing a checklist of questions to ask at product display booths will be helpful in optimizing the time spent at the trade show. It is wise to take notes for review after returning home from a trade show and for discussing with peers and even clients during a project design phase. Keep in mind, one goal of product research is to understand the benefits an end user will get from using specific products.\u003c/p>\u003cp >Consider the four steps of the product selection process and the three-part product specification and drawings in the contract documents, the list below provides some ideas for discussion topics and questions when at each product display booth. Realize that some of these may fall into more than one product selection step. An attendee likely has “other” topics to add to this list based on applications.\u003c/p>\u003cp >Step 1 — Functional Requirements (Specifications Part 2)\u003c/p>\u003cul >\u003cli >Performance capacity ranges and limitations\u003c/li>\u003cli >Materials of construction \u003c/li>\u003cli >Product durability\u003c/li>\u003cli >Acoustics\u003c/li>\u003cli >Operation and controllability\u003c/li>\u003cli >Other\u003c/li>\u003c/ul>\u003cp >\u003c/p>\u003cp >Step 2 — Product Availability (Specifications Part 1)\u003c/p>\u003cul >\u003cli >Manufacturer location and end-user customer support\u003c/li>\u003cli >Standard construction, options, and customization\u003c/li>\u003cli >Local product representation and end-user customer support\u003c/li>\u003cli >Channel(s) of distribution — factory-direct, local, online direct purchasing\u003c/li>\u003cli >Design phase support with product selection and specification resources\u003c/li>\u003cli >Other \u003c/li>\u003c/ul>\u003cp >\u003c/p>\u003cp >Step 3 — Product Evaluation (Specifications Parts 1, 2, or 3)\u003c/p>\u003cul >\u003cli >Components and features of the product\u003c/li>\u003cli >Compliance with state and local codes, standards and industry regulations\u003c/li>\u003cli >International Green Construction Code (IgCC) \u003c/li>\u003cli >LEED criteria\u003c/li>\u003cli >Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions considerations\u003c/li>\u003cli >Decarbonization considerations\u003c/li>\u003cli >Overall environmental impact of product production, use, and disposal\u003c/li>\u003cli >First cost, operating cost, maintenance cost, and end of product life disposal cost\u003c/li>\u003cli >Reliability, flexibility, adaptability, and maintainability\u003c/li>\u003cli >Safety and protection of life and property\u003c/li>\u003cli >Interface with other building systems\u003c/li>\u003cli >Application risk(s) considerations\u003c/li>\u003cli >Past problems and resolutions\u003c/li>\u003cli >Multifuel compatibility, including renewable energy sources\u003c/li>\u003cli >Operational skills required\u003c/li>\u003cli >Commissioning procedures and measurable performance metrics and methods\u003c/li>\u003cli >Other \u003c/li>\u003c/ul>\u003cp >\u003c/p>\u003cp >Step 4 — Product Incorporation Into Contract Documents (Specifications and Drawings)\u003c/p>\u003cul >\u003cli >Space requirement considerations for installation and maintenance\u003c/li>\u003cli >Interface with and integration into other HVACR and building systems\u003c/li>\u003cli >Documentation in specifications, plans, and equipment schedules\u003c/li>\u003cli >Other \u003c/li>\u003c/ul>\u003ch2 >\u003cstrong >Summary\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\u003cp >There are many reasons to attend a product trade show that justify the business expense of time and travel when the attendee goes to fulfill a purpose. Preparing ahead of time gives the attendee the advantage of optimizing the time. It’s good to attend with an open and inquisitive mind yet have a set agenda of learning goals to utilize the knowledge gained to select, evaluate, and specify products. Sharing what is learned with others adds additional value to the company when sending individuals to HVACR product trade shows.\u003c/p>\u003cp >\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"e5toJ4kiSRe","type":"section","children":["e3Z2B8KnohV"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"eIXqZ4VCQZJ","content":{"src":{"url":"https://cdn.vev.design/cdn-cgi/image/f=auto,q=82/private/KaxzywoIf0Rx41JdO6oEbX8EsUI3/image/QwOcEOrU6m.jpg","key":"QwOcEOrU6m","ratio":0.6746626686656672}},"type":"image","cl":"image"},{"key":"eQA-a46q4cF","content":{"text":"\u003ch4 >\u003cstrong >Steven G. Liescheidt, P.E., CDT, CCS, CCPR\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>Steven G. Liescheidt is owner of SPPECSS Consulting LLC. He can be reached at \u003ca href=\"mailto:stevengl1@sbcglobal.net?Subject=ES - Magazine\" target=\"_blank\">stevengl1@sbcglobal.net\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>\u003c/h4>"},"type":"text","cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"eDmXIvLYMA6","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214672557,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214672557,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1612214672557,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":0.6,"delay":0.7,"translateX":["-30px","0"],"preset":"slideInLeft","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eGKDkPoO3um","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003cem >[dmphoto]/[E+] via \u003c/em>\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener external\" href=\"https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/warehouse-heating-and-cooling-system-installation-royalty-free-image/1353976188?adppopup=true\" >\u003cem >Getty Images\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","actions":["eDmXIvLYMA6"],"cl":"text p-_Js1xJSc"},{"key":"eN2ivO6JRV_","content":{"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1608217389567,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1,"delay":0.3,"once":true,"translateY":["6%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1608217389567,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1,"delay":0.3,"once":true,"translateY":["6%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1608217389567,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1,"delay":0.3,"once":true,"translateY":["6%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"eBLrWYvFO7z","type":"section","actions":["eN2ivO6JRV_"],"children":["eIXqZ4VCQZJ","eQA-a46q4cF","eGKDkPoO3um"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"ePNFV1A9_mB","content":{"link":{"mode":0,"page":"pKEO3CF_5i-"}},"type":"external-link","cl":"external-link"},{"key":"e-FbHDXUbgO","content":{"text":"\u003cdiv>\u003cp >Table Of Contents\u003c/p>\u003c/div>"},"type":"text","actions":["ePNFV1A9_mB"],"cl":"text"},{"key":"eXmnOSNDinF","content":{"text":"\u003cp >January 2023\u003c/p>"},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"es9Hwod_oVZ","content":{"link":{"mode":0,"page":"pQ_tSND9zxs"}},"type":"external-link","cl":"external-link"},{"key":"eGy8sELPTBi","content":{"src":"4fH1Di577"},"type":"image","actions":["es9Hwod_oVZ"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"evJ68TEr3vD","type":"section","children":["e-FbHDXUbgO","eXmnOSNDinF","eGy8sELPTBi"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"peJ99HFlWS-","content":{"link":{"mode":1,"widget":{"image":{"type":2,"value":{"bucket":"cdn.vev.design","path":"private/dk3UctceTPWKJtA1g8n4EFqTvuo2/sMCfp44b_view_array-24px.svg.svg","name":"view_array-24px.svg","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/dk3UctceTPWKJtA1g8n4EFqTvuo2/sMCfp44b_view_array-24px.svg.svg"}},"name":"BIOS Bottom","page":"peJ99HFlWS-","pageName":"Feature 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